Clear Reading
in tess of the d'urbervilles, did anyone else not find it very clear when hardy depicted her rape?
i did gather what happened later in the book, after they get married. however, i didn't actually find it clear at all while reading the earlier section. i wasn't particularly engrossed in the book until at least half way, so maybe it was just because i wasn't paying attention, but even so i would have thought i would have noticed that, obviously?
or is it just not explained enough?
and where abouts in the book does it occur exactly?
It occured on the last two pages of the first section of the book entitled "The Maiden."
While I do believe that Alec raped her, many people believe that he did not. Hardy may have just left that section open to interpretation. He did not go into detail about it all. Maybe the reason was that Hardy's Victorian audience was very moral and would not have liked a graphic scene.
I've seen both the 1998 and 2008 miniseries, and in both of those, you know that they slept together. However, in the book, it can be easily missed.
When children discover reading...
Starting elementary school usually means learning how to read. In order to be successful in this difficult and necessary task, children must have and use many aptitudes. For instance, children learn that words are made of phonemes (phoneme is a set of phones (speech sounds or sign elements) that are cognitively equivalent)must have an excellent understanding of literature and be well-versed with various materials such as books. Recent studies have shown that both parents and educators can encourage children develop those skills from early childhood.
The role of parents and family
First, a researcher in Canada sought to determine the impact of exposure of toddlers to writing with reading or other form of letters and words teaching on the reading skills in third grade. She consequently followed 168 children from families of middle and upper classes in the Ottawa area, Ontario, for five years. The researcher came to the conclusion that exposure at an early age to various printed material contributed to the development of better reading skills in the third grade. The association between parental education and reading performance is a lot less clear. Nevertheless, there is probably a key element in kids success in learning reading which is an awareness of phonology, which can be stimulated by punctuating on reading rhymes and poetry.
The Canadian study also shows the importance of exposure in young children to language, especially songs rhymes and poems. Programs where parents and children listen to simple songs and rhymes should therefore be favored. One of the biggest challenge in helping families, especially poor families, is the integration of reading in an every day basis among preschool children. For many parents, buying books is not an option. On the other hand, many parents feel uneasy to go to the library. More research needs to be done on this subject, in order to develop more programs to include families of all socioeconomic levels in reading and writing, an important element of early childhood.
The role of educators
Many children spend several hours in day care every day, researchers have also begun to examine the impact of interactions educators-children on language development. Hence, with no surprise, researchers found that when teachers responded better to children efforts of communicating, encouraged conversation among peers and helped the children to express their ideas and expand their vocabulary by suggesting them new words and concepts, those children developed better communication and language skills. Another Canadian study showed that children benefit when their teachers have been trained to provide language interactions of better quality. Children whose teachers were trained to use more combination of words tend to speak more often with their peers.
This research confirms what many have observed. It illustrates the difference such a training can make. Moreover, the training has not created new and costly requirements for educators nor it resulted in additional work for them. The training only necessitated to increase their level of awareness. By making minor changes in their interactions with kids, educators can make so great impact on children's language. We simply to improve the quality of interaction kids-educators.
References
1.Sénéchal M, LeFevre JA. Parental involvement in the development of children's reading skill: A five-year longitudinal study. Child Development 2002;73(2):445-460.
2.Girolametto L, Weitzman E, Greenberg J. Training day care staff to facilitate children's language. American Journal of Speech - Language Pathology 2003;12(3):299-311.
3.Canadian language & literacy research network
4.Centre of Excellence for Children's Well-Being
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